Journal: EMBO Reports
Article Title: Lack of p38 activation in T cells increases IL-35 and protects against obesity by promoting thermogenesis
doi: 10.1038/s44319-024-00149-y
Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) mRNA expression of p35 subunit of IL-35 in human visceral fat isolated from lean and obese patients. ( B ) MKK3/6 CD4-KO and control CD4-Cre mice were exposed to cold for 4 h. Body and BAT temperature was measured every hour. ( C ) C57BL6 mice were treated with recombinant IL-35 i.v. (300 ng per mouse) and BAT temperature was measured 4 h later ( D ) Immortalized brown preadipocytes were differentiated in vitro. Once differentiated, cells were stimulated in the presence or absence of IL-35 (100 ng/ml) for 48 h and UCP1 and FGF21 levels were analyzed by immunoblot. Loading control for UCP1 was run on different gel and not presented. ( E ) Immortalized brown preadipocytes were differentiated in vitro. Once differentiated, cells were stimulated in the presence or absence of IL-35 (100 ng/ml) for 0–120 min and ATF2 phosphorylation was analyzed by immunoblot. ( F ) Differentiated adipocytes were stimulated with IL-35 (100 ng/ml) for 48 h in the presence or absence of SB203580 inhibitor (10 μM). The expression of Ucp1 level was measured by qRT-PCR and relativized to b-actin . ( G ) Primary white preadipocytes were isolated from C57BL6 mice and differentiated in vitro. Once differentiated, cells were stimulated with PBS or with IL-35 (100 ng/ml) for 48 h in the presence or absence of SB203580 inhibitor (10 μM). The expression of principal adipogenic markers ( Pparg , Adipoq , Leptin, Perlinipin ) level was measured by qRT-PCR and relativized to b-actin . Data Information: Data are presented as mean ± SEM, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. Exact p -values are shown. Analysis by t test ( A , C , D , F ), 2-way ANOVA ( B ), or 1-way ANOVA ( G ). Lean N = 12 biologically independent patients; Obese N = 52 biologically independent patients ( A ). n = 5–9 biologically independent mice ( B , C ) or n = 2–6 biologically independent wells ( D – G ) for each group, represented as single dots in the graphs. .
Article Snippet: Differentiated adipocytes were stimulated in the presence or absence of 100 ng/ml IL-35 (010-001-B66, Rockland) for 0–2 h or for 48 h and then the cells were lysed for western blot.
Techniques: Expressing, Isolation, Control, Recombinant, In Vitro, Western Blot, Phospho-proteomics, Quantitative RT-PCR